2014年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试

　　英语(二)试题

　　Section I Use of English

　　Directions:

　　Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)

　　Thinner isn't always better. A number of studies have __1___ that normal-weight people are in fact at higher risk of some diseases compared to those who are overweight. And there are health conditions for which being overweight is actually ___2___. For example, heavier women are less likely to develop calcium deficiency than thin women. ___3___ among the elderly, being somewhat overweight is often an ___4___ of good health.

　　Of even greater ___5___ is the fact that obesity turns out to be very difficult to define. It is often defined ___6___ body mass index, or BMI. BMI ___7__ body mass divided by the square of height. An adult with a BMI of 18 to 25 is often considered to be normal weight. Between 25 and 30 is overweight. And over 30 is considered obese. Obesity, ___8___,can be divided into moderately obese, severely obese, and very severely obese.

　　While such numerical standards seem ___9___, they are not. Obesity is probably less a matter of weight than body fat. Some people with a high BMI are in fact extremely fit, ___10___ others with a low BMI may be in poor___11___.For example, many collegiate and professional football players ___12___ as obese, though their percentage body fat is low. Conversely, someone with a small frame may have high body fat but a ___13___ BMI.

　　Today we have a(an) ___14___ to label obesity as a disgrace. The overweight are sometimes___15___ in the media with their faces covered. Stereotypes ___16___ with obesity include laziness, lack of will power, and lower prospects for success. Teachers, employers, and health professionals have been shown to harbor biases against the obese. ___17___ very young children tend to look down on the overweight, and teasing about body build has long been a problem in schools.

　　Negative attitudes toward obesity, ___18___ in health concerns, have stimulated a number of anti-obesity ___19___. My own hospital system has banned sugary drinks from its facilities.Many employers have instituted weight loss and fitness initiatives. Michelle Obama has launched a high-visibility campaign__20___ childhood obesity, even claiming that it represents our greatest national security threat.

　　1. [A] denied [B] conduced [C] doubled [D] ensured

　　2. [A] protective [B] dangerous [C] sufficient [D]troublesome

　　3. [A] Instead [B] However [C] Likewise [D] Therefore

　　4. [A] indicator [B] objective [C] origin [D] example

　　5. [A] impact [B] relevance [C] assistance [D] concern

　　6. [A] in terms of [B] in case of [C] in favor of [D] in of

　　7. [A] measures [B] determines [C] equals [D] modifies

　　8. [A] in essence [B] in contrast [C] in turn [D] in part

　　9. [A] complicated [B] conservative [C] variable [D] straightforward

　　10. [A] so [B] while [C] since [D] unless

　　11. [A] shape [B] spirit [C] balance [D] taste

　　12. [A] start [B] quality [C] retire [D] stay

　　13. [A] strange [B] changeable [C] normal [D] constant

　　14. [A] option [B] reason [C] opportunity [D] tendency

　　15. [A] employed [B] pictured [C] imitated [D] monitored

　　16. [A] compared [B] combined [C] settled [D] associated

　　17. [A] Even [B] Still [C] Yet [D] Only

　　18. [A] despised [B] corrected [C] ignored [D] grounded

　　19. [A] discussions [B] businesses [C] policies [D] studies

　　20. [A] for [B] against [C] with [D] without

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